.. raw:: html 术语表(DONE) ============ 术语表（Glossary），本词汇表包含与AI系统相关的词汇和定义。 A - ======================================= ======================== ==== 英文 中文 缩写 ======================================= ======================== ==== Artificial Intelligence 人工智能 AI Activation 激活函数 Amdahl’s Law 阿姆达尔定律 Accounting 计数 Action 动作 Actor 采样器 API Remoting 应用程序编程接口远程处理 Accuracy 准确度 Addictive Increase 加性增加 Agent 智能体 Artificial Neural Network 人工神经网络 Application-Specific Integrated Circuit 专用集成电路 ASIC Accelerator 加速器 Artificial Intelligence 人工智能 AI Allocation 分配 Adversarial Training 对抗训练 Automatic Feature Engineering 自动特征工程 Adaptive Bit Rate 比特率自适应 ABR Attention 注意力机制 AutoML 自动机器学习 Automatic Differentiation 自动微分 AIOps 智能运维 Agile Chip Development 敏捷芯片开发 Address Coalescing 地址合并 ======================================= ======================== ==== B - =================== ========== ==== 英文 中文 缩写 =================== ========== ==== Batch 批次 Batch Size 批尺寸 Batch Job 批处理作业 Bias 偏移参数 Back Propagation 反向传播 Batch Normalization 批归一化 Block 块 Bin Packing 装箱 Bus 总线 Behavior Policy 行为策略 Bundled Mode 捆绑模式 Benchmarks 系统评测 Big Data System 大数据系统 Branch Prediction 分支预测 =================== ========== ==== C - =============================== ============== ======= 英文 中文 缩写 =============================== ============== ======= Classification 分类 CrossEntropy 交叉熵损失函数 Convolutional Neural Network 卷积神经网络 CNN Convolution 卷积 Convolution Layer 卷积层 Control 控制 Control Groups 控制组 cgroups Caching 缓存 Cache Line 缓存线 Cache Misses Rate 缓存未命中率 Cached Allocator 缓存分配器 Channel Number 通道数 Container 容器 Click-through Prediction 点击率预测 Collective Communication 集体式通信 Confidence Interval 置信区间 Congestion Control 拥塞控制 Compute-Bound 计算受限 Code Completion 代码自动补全 Code Snippet 代码片段 Cursor-Following 光标跟随 Code Refactoring 代码重构 Computation Graph 计算图 Cell 单元格 Control Plane Components 控制平面组件 Continuous Integration 持续集成 CI Continuous Delivery 持续交付 CD Confusion Matrix 混淆矩阵 Cost-Effective 成本效益 Context Switching 上下文切换 Floorplanning 布图规划 Code Version Control 代码版本管理 Code Book 代码书 Copy on Write 写时复制 Constraint Satisfaction Problem 约束满足问题 =============================== ============== ======= D - ================================== ============== ==== 英文 中文 缩写 ================================== ============== ==== Data Flow Graph 数据流图 DFG Deep Learning 深度学习 Deep Learning System 深度学习系统 Deployment 部署 Deep Neural Network 深度神经网络 DNN Dropout 丢弃法 Dropout Rate 丢弃率 Data Augmentation 数据增强 Defect Tolerance 缺陷容忍 Dimension 维度 Docker Hub 镜像中心 Direct GPU Pass-Through 直接GPU直通 Device Emulation 设备仿真 Device 设备 Data Privacy 数据隐私 Decoder 解码器 Deep Neural Network 深度神经网络 Deallocation 释放 Deterministic Policy 决定性策略 Distilation 蒸馏 Distributed Reinforcement Learning 分布式强化学习 Data-Parallelism 数据并行 Data Driven 数据驱动 Debugging 调试 Development Experience 开发体验 Directly Responsible Individuals 直接责任人 Dissaggregation 分解 Dissaggregation Memory 分解内存 Domain Expert 领域专家 Dependability 可靠性 ================================== ============== ==== E - ===================== ============ ==== 英文 中文 缩写 ===================== ============ ==== Early Stop 早停法 Edge 边缘 Edge Device 端侧设备 Ensemble Learning 集成学习 Environment 环境 Evict 驱逐 Error Correction Code 纠错码 ECC Encoding 编码 Encodder 编码器 Ensemble 融合 Emitter 发射器 Exploration 探索 Exploit 利用 Edge 边缘 Enhanced Security 增强的安全性 Economy of Scale 规模经济 Exokernel 外核 ===================== ============ ==== F - ============================= ================ ==== 英文 中文 缩写 ============================= ================ ==== Feasible Region 可行域 Fit 拟合 Forward Calculation 前向计算 Forward Propagation 前向传播 Full Connection Layer 全连接层 Flexibility 灵活性 Floorplanning 布图规划 Flow Control 流量控制 Fusion 融合 Fragmentation 碎片 Field-Programmable Gate Array 现场可编程门阵列 Forward Propagation 前向传播 Fault Injection 缺陷注入 Fuzzing 模糊测试 Fault 故障 Floating-point 浮点数 Fixed-point 定点数 ============================= ================ ==== G - ================ ========== ==== 英文 中文 缩写 ================ ========== ==== Gradient 梯度 \ 梯度下降 GD GPU 图形处理器 Gaussian Process 高斯过程 GP Geometric 几何 ================ ========== ==== H - ============================= ========== ==== 英文 中文 缩写 ============================= ========== ==== High Performance Computing 高性能计算 HPC High Throughput 高吞吐 High Efficiency 高效率 Hyper-parameters Optimization 超参数优化 Heterogeneous hardware 异构硬件 Hotfix 热修复 Heartbeat 心跳机制 Huffman Encoding 霍夫曼编码 ============================= ========== ==== I - ================================== ============ ==== 英文 中文 缩写 ================================== ============ ==== Input 输入 Inference 推理 Inference System 推理系统 Input Layer 输入层 Introspective 内省 Instruction Set Architecture 指令集架构 ISA Image 镜像 Intermediate Representation 中间表达 IR Integrated Development Environment 集成开发环境 IDE Intellisense 智能感知 Intelligent Code Completion 智能代码完成 Imperative Execution 命令式执行 Incremental Scheduling 增量调度 Incident 事件 ================================== ============ ==== J - ====================== ======== ==== 英文 中文 缩写 ====================== ======== ==== Job 作业 Just In Time Compiling 即时编译 ====================== ======== ==== K - ====================== ======== ==== 英文 中文 缩写 ====================== ======== ==== Kernel 内核 Knowledge Distillation 知识精炼 Kernel Bypassing 内核旁路 ====================== ======== ==== L - ========================= ============ ===== 英文 中文 缩写 ========================= ============ ===== Latency 延迟 Learning Performance 学习性能 Loss Function 损失函数 Loss 损失函数的值 Long Short-term Memory 长短时记忆 LSTM Locality 局部性 Linear Algebra 线性代数 Loop 循环 Linux Containers Linux容器 LXC Life Cycle 生命周期 Label 标签 Low Latency 低延迟 Long Tail Traffic 长尾延迟 Locality 局部性 Low-Rank Factorization 低秩分解 Load Balance 负载均衡 LB Learner 学习器 Logistic Regression 逻辑回归 LR Learning Curve 学习曲线 Learning Rate 学习率 Layering 层次化 Library Operating Systems 库操作系统 LibOS Live-variable Analysis 存活变量分析 ========================= ============ ===== M - ================================== ================ ==== 英文 中文 缩写 ================================== ================ ==== Machine Learning Model 机器学习模型 Machine Learning System 机器学习系统 Model Zoo 模型动物园 MSE 均方差损失函数 Moore’s law 摩尔定律 Memory Hierarchy 内存层级结构 Maximum Payload 最大有效载荷 Multi-Tenancy 多租户 Mediated Pass-Through 中介直通 Model Compression 模型压缩 Model Selection 模型选择 Model Space 模型空间 Multiplicative Decrease 乘性减少 Mobile 移动端 Model Size 模型尺寸 Model Compression 模型压缩 Model Quantization 模型量化 Multiply–Accumulate Operation 乘积累加运算 MAC Multilayer Perceptron 多层感知器 Micro-Batch 微批次 Model-Parallelism 模型并行 Memory-Bound 内存受限 Multiple Instruction Multiple Data 多指令流多数据流 MIMD Multiply Accumulate 乘加运算 MAC Monolithic 单片 Modularity 模块化 Moore’s law 摩尔定律 Max Thermal Design Power 最大热设计功率 Multiprocessing 多道处理 Multithreading 多线程 Microkernel 微内核 Microkernelification 微内核化 ================================== ================ ==== N - ========================== ================ ==== 英文 中文 缩写 ========================== ================ ==== Neural Net 神经网络 NN Namespace 命名空间 Neural Architecture Search 神经网络结构搜索 NAS Non-Deterministic Policy 非决定性策略 Neural Language Model 神经语言模型 NLM ========================== ================ ==== O - ====================== ======================== ==== 英文 中文 缩写 ====================== ======================== ==== Optimizer 梯度下降优化器、优化算法 Over Fitting 过拟合 Output Layer 输出层 Output 输出 Operating System 操作系统 Online Service 在线服务 Operator 算子 On-Chip Memory 片上存储器 Online Service 在线服务 On-Premises Deployment 本地部署 Opportunistic Job 机会任务 On-Call 候命 Offloading 卸载 Open Instruction Sets 开放的指令集 Out-of-order Execution 乱序执行 ====================== ======================== ==== P - ========================== ================== ==== 英文 中文 缩写 ========================== ================== ==== Pooling 池化 Pooling Layer 池化层 Policy 策略 Prefetch 预取 Parallelism 并行性 Precision Calibration 精度校准 Parameter Pruning 参数裁剪 Pruning 剪枝 Parser 解析器 Power Consumption 功耗 Parameter Server 参数服务器 Peer-to-Peer Communication 点对点通信 Pipeline-Parallelism 流水并行 Pipeline Stage 流水阶段 Perceptron 感知机 Performance 表现 Performance/Watt 性能每瓦特 Performance/TCO 性能每总计拥有成本 Packge Management System 包管理器系统 Pay-as-You-Go 按需付费 ========================== ================== ==== Q - ===================== ========== ==== 英文 中文 缩写 ===================== ========== ==== Quantization 量化 Queries Per Second 每秒查询数 QPS Q Network Q 网络 Quality of Experience 体验指标 QoE ===================== ========== ==== R - ======================== ============== ==== 英文 中文 缩写 ======================== ============== ==== Raw Dataset 原始数据集 Random Forest 随机森林 Reinforcement Learning 强化学习 RL Reliability 可靠性 Regularization 正则化 Recurrent Neural Network 循环神经网络 RNN Regression 回归 Reliability 可靠性 Request 请求 Replica 副本 Remote Procedure Call 远程过程调用 RPC Reward 奖励 Replay Buffer 重放缓冲区 Runtime 运行期 Rule Of The Thumb 经验法则 Randomly Accessed Pages 随机访问磁盘页 Redundancy 冗余 ======================== ============== ==== S - =================================== ============== ==== 英文 中文 缩写 =================================== ============== ==== Scheduling 调度 Search Space 搜索空间 Service-Level Agreement 服务等级协议 SLA Seq2Seq 序列到序列 Scalability 可扩展性 SGD 随机梯度下降 Single Instruction Multiple Data 单指令多数据流 SIMD Spatially Expanded Network 空间扩展网络 Stream 流 State 状态 Shape Inference 形状推导 Sparsity 稀疏性 Sample 样本 Sub-Second 次秒 Supervised Learning 有监督学习 SL Space 空间 Sharing 共享 Spatial locality 空间局部性 System Call 系统调用 Systematic 系统的 Syntax Highlighting 语法高亮 Program Synthesis 程序综合 Symbolic Execution 符号执行 Scheduler Extender 调度器扩展 Scheduler 调度器 Single Instruction Multiple Threads 单指令多线程 SIMT Side Effect 副作用 Systolic Array 脉动阵列 Separation of Concerns 关注点分离 Slowdown 减速 Shutdown 停止 Speculative Prefetching 推测预取 Source-to-source Compiler 源到源编译器 State Machine 状态机 =================================== ============== ==== T - ======================= ============ ==== 英文 中文 缩写 ======================= ============ ==== Tensor 张量 Tensor Core 张量核 Tensor Shape 张量形状 Time-Multiplexed 时分复用 Tile 块 Tail Latency 尾部延迟 Trick 技巧 Temporal locality 时间局部性 Target Policy 目标策略 Telemetry 遥测 Trade Offs 权衡取舍 Transformer 变换器 Transformer Engine 变换器引擎 Trial 试验 Temperature 温度 Total Cost of Ownership 总计拥有成本 TCO Type System 类型系统 ======================= ============ ==== U - ===================== ========== ==== 英文 中文 缩写 ===================== ========== ==== Union Mount 联合挂载 Utilization 利用率 Unsupervised Learning 无监督学习 Unified Management 统一管理 Up-front Commitment 预先承诺 ===================== ========== ==== V - =========================== ============== ==== 英文 中文 缩写 =========================== ============== ==== Validation Accuracy 验证精度 Virtual Machine 虚拟机 Virtual Memory 虚拟内存 Vectorization 向量化 Visual Programming Language 可视化编程语言 VPL =========================== ============== ==== W - =============== ======== ==== 英文 中文 缩写 =============== ======== ==== Weights 权重参数 Weight Update 梯度更新 Warp 束 Weighted Mean 加权平均 Warp Voting 束投票 Warp Divergence 束发散 =============== ======== ==== X - ==== ==== ==== 英文 中文 缩写 ==== ==== ==== ==== ==== ==== Y - ==== ==== ==== 英文 中文 缩写 ==== ==== ==== ==== ==== ==== Z - ========= ====== ==== 英文 中文 缩写 ========= ====== ==== Zero-Copy 零拷贝 ========= ====== ====